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Detection by a New Lipid Microanalytical Method

Barbara E. Brown; Mary L. Williams, MD; Peter M. Elias, MD

Arch Dermatol. 1984;120(2):204-209.

Abstract
• Although the biochemical diagnosis of the ichthyoses is still in its infancy, the two recessively inherited types, recessive X-linked ichthyosis (RXLI) and nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (CIE), are accompanied by stratum corneum lipid abnormalities. However, in RXLI, cholesterol sulfate accumulates; in CIE, massive quantities of n-alkanes accumulate. The diagnosis of these disorders has required large quantities of scale for sequential, quantitative thin-layer chromatography (TLC). In this study, we sought to confirm the previously described lipid abnormalities with the use of a rapid, recently developed microchromatographic technique that employs silica gel—coated quartz rods and flame ionization detection (latroscan). The cholesterol sulfate content of RXLI (n = 5) scale and the n-alkane content of CIE (n = 8) scale were determined by both TLC and the microchromatographic technique. Less than 10 mg of scale and even single punch biopsy specimens sufficed for the microchromatographic technique, whereas more than 50 mg of scale were required for TLC. Since the microchromatographic technique can rapidly detect diagnostic biochemical abnormalities from readily obtainable, small tissue samples, this method could eventually supplant or supplement standard lipid biochemical techniques for the diagnosis of cutaneous lipidoses.

(Arch Dermatol 1984;120:204-209)

Author Affiliations
From the Dermatology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center (Ms Brown), and the Departments of Dermatology (Drs Williams and Elias) and Pediatrics (Dr Williams), University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication Feb 12, 1983.

Reprint requests to Dermatology Service (190), VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 (Dr Elias).

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