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Cynthia Weinstein, MBBS, FACD, FRACP; Marian H. Miller, MBBS, FRACP; Rani Axtens; Russell Buchanan, MBBS, FRACP; Geoffrey O. Littlejohn, MBBS, FRACP

Arch Dermatol. 1987;123(5):596-600.

Abstract
• Seventy-eight consecutive patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were assessed for the presence of livedo reticularis. The possible association of livedo reticularis with other clinical and laboratory features including anticardiolipin antibodies was explored. Thirty-eight patients had livedo reticularis. Four cases were severe, 11 moderate, and 23 mild. There was a statistically significant association between the combined moderate and severe livedo reticularis group and elevated levels of anticardiolipin antibodies. The recognized association of anticardiolipin antibodies with thrombotic events suggests a possible pathogenetic role. The presence or history of central nervous system disease, renal disease, vasculitis, or lupus inhibitor was significantly associated with the moderate and severe livedo reticularis group. Livedo reticularis may be a cutaneous marker for the later development of important systemic events in systemic lupus erythematosus.

(Arch Dermatol 1987;123:596-600)

Author Affiliations
From the Departments of Dermatology (Dr Weinstein), Rheumatology (Dr Miller), and Medicine (Dr Littlejohn), Prince Henry's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Austin Hospital (Dr Buchanan), and Department of Medicine, Monash University (Dr Littlejohn), Melbourne, Australia. Mr Axtens is a medical student at Monash University, Alfred Medical School, Melbourne.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication Oct 31, 1986.

Reprint requests to Medical Suite 10, St Andrew's Hospital, 12 St Andrew's PI, East Melbourne, 3002 Victoria, Australia 3002 (Dr Weinstein).

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