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Comparison of the Clinical and Histologic Effects of Intravascular Polidocanol, Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate, and Hypertonic Saline in the Dorsal Rabbit Ear Vein Model

Mitchel P. Goldman, MD; Richard P. Kaplan, MD; Lisa N. Oki; Patricia A. Cavender, MD; Richard A. Strick, MD; Richard G. Bennett, MD

Arch Dermatol. 1987;123(9):1196-1201.

Abstract
• A 0.25-mL quantity of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1.0% polidocanol (Aethoxysclerol [France]), 0.5% sodium tetradecyl sulfate (Sotradecol Injection), and 23.4% hypertonic saline was injected into the dorsal marginal rabbit ear vein; clinical and histologic thrombosis resulted that lasted between four and eight days. The lowest concentration of polidocanol (0.25%) demonstrated immediate thrombosis; however, no clinical or histologic changes occurred eight days after injection. With all other agents, histologic fibrosis of the vessel correlating with clinical disappearance occurred after eight days. However, 0.5% polidocanol and sodium tetradecyl sulfate developed recanalization through the initially sclerosed vessel between eight and 14 days, with clinical reappearance of the 0.5% polidocanol-injected vessel at 30 days, after injection. Cutaneous necrosis was noted clinically and histologically in three of ten vessels injected with 1.0% polidocanol and in two of ten vessels injected with hypertonic saline. Clinical and histologic evidence of necrosis occurred with and without extravasation of the sclerosants.

(Arch Dermatol 1987;123:1196-1201)

Author Affiliations
From the Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, UCLA.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication March 24, 1987.

Read in part before the annual meeting of the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Palm Springs, Calif, April 4,1986, and the 45th annual meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology, New Orleans, Dec 6, 1986.

Reprint requests to 850 Prospect St, Suite 2, La Jolla, CA 92037 (Dr Goldman).

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