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Rabenja Rapelanoro, MD; Patricia Mortureux, MD; Bernard Couprie, MD; Jean Maleville, MD; Alain Taïeb, MD

Arch Dermatol. 1996;132(2):190-193.

Abstract
Background
Papulopustular eruptions of the face in neonates are frequently referred to as neonatal acne or sebaceous miliaria. Our findings suggest that there is an association between this type of eruption and Malassezia furfur infection.

Observations
Direct examination of pustule smears showed M fufur yeasts in eight of 13 cases involving neonates with erythema and papulopustules of the face, neck, and scalp (mean age at onset, 22 days [range, 7 to 30 days]). The pustules were predominantly neutrophilic. Treatment with 2% ketoconazole cream applied topically twice daily was effective in 1 week.

Conclusion
Malassezia furfur is frequently associated with a common nonfollicular pustulosis of the newborn, probably improperly termed neonatal acne.

(Arch Dermatol. 1996;132:190-193)

Author Affiliations
From the Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Pellegrin Children's Hospital (Drs Rapelanoro, Mortureux, Maleville, and Taïeb0, and the Laboratory of Mycology, Saint-André Hospital (Dr Couprie), University of Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France.

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