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Prevalence of Human Herpesvirus 8 Infection Measured by Antibodies to a Latent Nuclear Antigen in Patients With Various Dermatologic Diseases
Nicolas Dupin, MD;
Anne-Geneviève Marcelin, MD;
Isabelle Gorin, MD;
Philippe Bossi, MD;
Nathalie Franck, MD;
Bernard Weill, MD;
Jean-Marie Huraux, MD;
Jean-Paul Escande, MD;
Vincent Calvez, MD, PhD
Arch Dermatol. 1998;134:700-702.
Background Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) has been detected in all epidemiological forms of Kaposi sarcoma (KS). The role of HHV-8 in dermatologic diseases other than KS is controversial. Some studies based on polymerase chain reaction findings suggest an association between HHV-8 and epithelial tumors of the skin, lymphoproliferative disorders, or pemphigus.
Objective To assess the prevalence of antibodies against a latent nuclear antigen of HHV-8 in patients with various dermatologic diseases.
Design An indirect immunofluorescence assay was used to search for HHV-8 antibodies.
Setting Ambulatory or hospitalized patients from a university hospital associated with a research laboratory.
Patients Eighty-three patients with various non-KS dermatologic diseases and 16 patients with KS who were seronegative for the human immunodeficiency virus. Controls were 100 healthy subjects living in the same area.
Results Antibodies to HHV-8 were found in 100% (16/16) of the patients with KS and 3.6% (3/83) of the patients with non-KS dermatologic diseases: 1 patient with pemphigus vulgaris, 1 with discoid lupus erythematosus, and 1 with bullous pemphigoid. The prevalence of antibodies to HHV-8 in controls was 2% (2/100) and was not significantly different than the prevalence in patients with dermatologic diseases other than KS (P=.28).
Conclusions Our serologic study confirms the higher prevalence of HHV-8 antibodies in patients with KS and demonstrates that contrary to other human herpesviruses, HHV-8 is not a ubiquitous virus in France. We could not determine any causal association between HHV-8 and pemphigus or lymphoproliferative disorders of the skin.
From the Department of Dermatovenereology, Hôpital Tarnier-Cochin (Drs Dupin, Gorin, Franck, and Escande), the Virology Laboratory, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière (Drs Dupin, Marcelin, Bossi, Huraux, and Calvez), and the Immunology Laboratory, Hôpital Cochin (Dr Weill), Paris, France.
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